A detailed examination of recent UK migration figures reveals insights into immigration patterns and the effects of policy changes. Data suggests that one in 47 people in the UK is a recent immigrant, with temporary arrivals for study purposes forming a significant portion. The Conservative Party’s proposed migration curbs and potential cap aim to further reduce net migration levels.
Recent UK Migration Statistics: Analysis and Overview
During the ITV Election Debate on June 13, Nigel Farage claimed that “one in 30 people walking on the street has come in the last two years.” Data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) suggests this may be approximately correct when considering only arrivals.
As of mid-2022, the UK population was estimated at 67.6 million. Provisional figures indicate 1.22 million people immigrated to the UK in 2023, with 1.26 million doing so in 2022. This totals 2.48 million immigrants over two years, suggesting that around one in 27 people in the UK arrived during this period. However, factoring in the emigration of approximately half a million people each year, net migration was 685,000 in 2023 and 764,000 in 2022. Therefore, net migration equates to one new person for every 47 already in the UK.
Additionally, many arrivals are temporary. Approximately 600,000 came for study purposes, with visas requiring them to leave or switch visa categories upon completion of their studies.
Home Office data revealed a significant year-on-year decrease in visa applications, with a 79% drop in student dependant visas and a reduction in foreign care workers bringing family members. Overall, applications across three main visa categories fell from 304,700 in the first five months of last year to 207,900 in the same period this year.
The Conservative Party has pledged further curbs, including a potential migration cap. Home Secretary James Cleverly endorsed these measures, asserting that they have successfully reduced immigration. Chairman of the Migration Advisory Committee, Professor Brian Bell, indicated that these reforms could lower net migration to as low as 150,000 annually.
